(A part 1). DARK WOOD.
(A part 1). DARK WOOD.
In "the dry rest" - millions washed dollars.
In the beginning of 1994 the chairman of board of bank of J. Carter
Bejkot and other members of board of directors Bank of New York
Have received the special notice on criminal activity on
To extreme measure in one of the Russian banks-correspondents
BONY. It was bank "п п пІп пЁпЎя пЎпЄп я ". Nevertheless council
Directors has decided not to pay to it attention and to continue
Active expansion to Russia to a pursuit of incomes. As a result
In 1996 the East Europe division of bank inside
Most BONY has received a nickname "the gold child".
Scrollings on-are Moscow.
In the end of 1991 or the beginning of 1992 one of top-managers
BONY Natalia Gurfinkel has met Vladimir Dudkin,
Vice-president Inkombanka, then entering into ten most
Large Russian banks. Dudkin has explained Gurfinkel, that
Inkombanku unlimited access as is very necessary to
Correspondent, and to other abacus BONY. Access, on it
To words, it is necessary free to translate
Money from Russia in other financial institutions in the West.
Dudkin then in conversation has noticed, that Inkombank already has
Correspondent relations with Citybank, however that "not
Absolutely understands "requirements of the growing Russian private
Bank sector. Dudkin then have assured, that BONY not
Remains it is deaf to needs Inkombanka.
After this meeting the financial scheme has been thought up,
Called to hide illegal conversation of currency from Russia.
Developers among whom there were all the same Gurfinkel and
Dudkin, and also the representative of president BONY of Thomas Reni on
Name the Bean Klein, even have thought up for the scheme purely Russian
The name: "Scrollings". According to this scheme, under aegis
Various "commercial" and "investment" contracts,
Prisoners Inkombankom with the Russian enterprises, means
Settled on a dollar abacus in BONY and the accompanying offshore
The companies. We will notice, that all these offshore companies have been created
Or personally, or under the supervision of conspirators from BONY and
Inkombanka.
Scrollings occurred as follows. As soon as in
Inkombank the solid arrived from any of its clients
Payment for services or investments, BONY by means of a series
Electronic conductings translated these means with
Correspondent bill Inkombanka in specially created for
It the offshore companies and banks. As a rule, it was used
Some electronic combinations on transfer of means, main
The purpose thus was to confuse traces that it was not clear,
Whence there is a primary sum. Scrollings allowed
To Russian clients Inkombanka to underestimate payments of taxes, and
Also to legalise in the West considerable capitals.
Conspirators (so they are called by the American lawyers) even
Have developed system of payment of the commission fee, based on
Deductions from a total sum passed through "Scrollings"
Means. These commission fee under the name "payment of consultations"
Further settled on the abacus of participants of the agreement opened at
Help BONY in offshore structures.
"Global guardianship" behind washing up.
To cope with a bulky network from hundreds
The offshore companies, Dudkin, Gurfinkel and Klein have organised
System "global guardianship". That potential clients it is easier
Understood complexity and a subtlety of engineering constructions
Conspirators, they even have made a series of slides for display on
Presentations. Conspirators spent these presentations on
Various conferences in Moscow, Geneva and other cities of the world
Before potential clients. Such conferences,
Organised with the consent of bosses BONY, visited
Heads of the largest Russian banks, switching on Inkombank and
"Menatep", and also the large industrial enterprises, such,
As "Transneft" and "Rosoboroneksport".
In the end of 1992 authors of "Scrollings" promoted
To system engineering of enciphering of electronic communications,
Which has been urged to save as fiduciary the correspondence between
BONY and Inkombankom. Now the devoted exchanged data in
Kind special "tsifrogramm".
Advantages of system "global guardianship" from BONY
Has used far not only Inkombank. Inkombank was
The first who has constructed the offshore scheme, using possibilities
BONY. To its example tens other Russian banks have followed
From the first twenty of a bank rating. Among those who
Created by means of BONY the offshore networks, were "Menatep",
Tokobank, Tveruniversalbank, Alpha bank, Sobinbank,
The Moscow international bank and others. The purpose of creation of the similar
Schemes it was obvious: splitting and theft bank and
Industrial actives.
"Dark wood" where money vanishes.
According to the decision accepted on October, 13th, 1994 on
Meeting where were present Reni, Gurfinkel, Vladimir
Vinogradov and Dudkin, directly to supervise over a network of an offshore
Dudkin has been appointed. Moreover, as Dudkin
Admitted to the commission which have spent internal investigation in
Inkombanke, he has in parallel created company Hoverwood Ltd. (That
It is possible to translate approximately as "dark wood"). Hoverwood
Operated under the same scheme an offshore abacus, only clients
Already Dudkin involved. Incomes of activity Hoverwood
Russian participants of plot named "the dry rest".
Transfers of means from bills Inkombanka and BONY in Hoverwood
Were registered in reports of both banks. Through Hoverwood
Edward, Gurfinkel and Dudkin registered payments of several
The Russian banks, among which Alpha bank, Kredobank and bank
"The Russian credit". In most Inkombanke covered in the West
Means were called precisely "Pension fund".
In many cases Gurfinkel and its accomplices in Inkombanke
Made counterfeit contracts, dated backdating, and
Forged other documents to issue
Transactions, which actually never
Were carried out. Gurfinkel, in particular, from its part,
Provided Inkombank with counterfeit acknowledgement of transfers
Means. For example, once, in 1996 in Inkombanke on
To request Gurfinkel the false document on payments has been made
Companies "Transneft", dated 1993. Conspirators
Quite often used the term "konformashka" when mentioned about
Similar situations.
In the end of 1993 Dudkin has invited russkogovorjashchego
The computer expert from New York specialising on
Creation of global protective systems for safe transfer
Money resources. The programmer should create the computer
System for tracking moving of means in an offshore and the account
Shares of organizers. As the main condition for working out
Systems Dudkin has ordered to place the central computer for
Borders of Russia. Further this expert received from
Gurfinkel instructions on the one who from users of system can
To be admitted to all information.
In April, 1994 Dudkin has sent to the programmer the new
The information on conductings of money through offshore system. New
Data have called the programmer of suspicion, that business smells
Money-laundering. At it it was guided by that in one of
Financial schemes the non-return of the credit of that has been planned
The organisations which has given out it. In reports also were mentioned
Suspicious "counterfeit bills". The programmer immediately
Has refused to work over the project further, having declared, what is it it is more
Similar on money-laundering, than on "the global financial
System ". On it Dudkin has told to it:" Of what you think? To you for
It generously pay! ".
As a system part of "global guardianship" in 1993
Gurfinkel, Dudkin, Klein and others have created computer base
Data in which names of all offshore have been registered
The companies, percentage shares of all participants in these companies,
Individual digital numbers, and also code names
Conspirators. This database, by the way, shows, how
Shares of participants in percentage changed eventually. To
To example, the chairman of board BONY Thomas Reni who had
Among other debetnuju plastic card Inkombanka, regularly
Received in this respect deductions from a numerous offshore under
Code name Smith. Pseudonym Gurfinkel was Gurov,
Galitsyn had Vladimir's nickname, and Lucy Edward - Zemski. Except
That, code names in a database had also some
Top-managers Inkombanka: Vladimir Vinogradov was called
Vinoff, Dudkin became Ilinsky, the first vice-president of bank
Alexey Kuznetsov was Alekseevym, and the vice-president the Novel
The Zdraevsky Romanov has received a code nickname.
Laundry on the back of the hospital menu.
Conspirators met often to discuss details
Scrollings. For example, in January, 1994 Thomas Reni
Met president Inkombanka in hospital Pascack Valley
In Vestvude, the State of New Jersey where Vinogradov it was treated under the
Pseudonym Vinoff. Even in hospital Vinogradov and Reni
Continued to discuss the scheme of a conclusion of actives from Russia. In a course
Conversations Vinogradov has drawn a scheme part on the back
The hospital menu, explaining perekachivanie money through
Numerous instances. "Deposit" in was the scheme main output
Kind of 10 million dollars which should remain in
One of an offshore. Reni in the answer has told Vinogradovu, that
Prefers one old checked up firm, Panama FirstTen
S.A., which, as he said, "calls less suspicions".
In the beginning of autumn of 1994 Reni, Gurfinkel, Dudkin,
Vinogradov, Smiths and others discussed the earnings scheme on
Forthcoming devaluation of rouble. Reni then has confirmed, that
BONY it is deeply interested in this scheme and guarantees
Granting of 200 million dollars for this operation. Shares
Participants from the received income also became a point of issue
At meeting Vinogradova and Kuznetsova with Thomas Reni in
New York hotel "Uoldorf-Astoria" at the very beginning of 1995.
As a result in 1996 Dudkin in conversation with the subordinate
Has declared, that dense contact with BONY has given them full access to
To the western bank system. Moreover, according to Dudkin,
Reni, Gurfinkel and organised their cooperation
Papageorgiu were for Inkombanka "". Then Dudkin
Has explained, that a part developed Inkombankom the plan is
Theft of the foreign help and credits of the European bank
Reconstruction and developments.
KAп пґTO WORKED.
Within several years, since 1996, Gurfinkel and
Cats met top-managers of the Moscow banks, to
To example MMB, for working out and an embodiment of the complex
The illegal scheme of a conclusion of the capital from the country and leaving from taxes.
About development of relations with MMB Gurfinkel and Cats constantly
Reported directly Reni which and frequently participated
In working out of schemes of financial streams. For these operations
Used bills BONY and possibilities of its electronic system,
And the main thing, they should prove to be true in the Russian
Supervising bodies BONY. It just Reni and
Provided, and including confirmed also the nonexistent
Transactions.
As the quantity of participants increased,
Conspirators increased number of schemes. The basic reception, the truth,
Still there was a trade with fictitious foreign
The company. The scheme worked as follows. It was created
The company-seller abroad, wishing to sell the goods
Russian otmyvateljam means. Payment passed abroad, and in
The answer it was delivered nothing. Especially often such trick
It was made with the Russian goods, ostensibly
Exported, but in practice and not leaving the native land. In
The validity all sellers and buyers represented
Conglomerate of the firms connected among themselves. Definitive payments
Settled on an abacus in BONY, and already therefrom were distributed on
To offshore.
Also the scheme with use of the lime has been thought up
Service contracts. On this plan the largest Russian
Banks should recommend wishing to launder money for
Border to clients to sign certain contracts on services, which
Anybody also did not think to carry out. In such contracts appeared
Building, foreign tourism, reinsurance of claims for
Boundary, use of the western trade marks and names,
Marketing and consulting services. After signing
The contract the client came into contact with podstavnoj the foreign
The firm having nevertheless legally operating licence.
She already, in turn, addressed for the help to the Russian
To subsuppliers. The hitch was only that on conditions
The contract the Russian executor could receive money only in
Case of end of job, that, certainly, never
Occurred, and money for the begun business settled on abacus BONY.
Dm of a successful embodiment during a life of similar schemes many
The Russian banks created small banks-something ephemeral. As
The rule, these small firms differed nothing from the
"Parents", up to identical addresses and employees.
The main distinction was that at fictitious "daughter" were
The minimum actives and only one client. Behaviour of the such
Something ephemeral called the big suspicion, because all of them
Existed under the uniform formula: occurrence, instant
Establishment of correspondent relations with BONY, a then
Instant disappearance. Two characteristic examples such
Banks are a Flamingo-bank, affilirovannyj with Sobinbank, and
Created by Bridge-bank in 1997 Cylos Bank for Financial
Security in Gibraltar. Among clients BONY using
Similar schemes, were also other large structures, for example
Gazprombank, Alpha bank, Rosbank, "SbS-Agro" and "Menatep". For
These banks BONY was them "the person in the West".
As to MMB here again relations were mutually advantageous
For both parties. BONY has earned millions dollars on
The commissions and percent, and MMB and other banks have washed abroad
Billions dollars. Similar operations have broken at once a little
Tens Russian and American laws, meanwhile
Participants of suspicious transfers fine knew about them
Criminal character: illegality of the developed schemes
It was constantly discussed by conspirators.
Materials have prepared Oleg Lure and Alexey Goreslavsky.
//* an information Source: the Version, 5.02.02
//* Reg. Nom. - 1120200076.17-------------------------------------------
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